Definition
Haglund’s deformity is a prominence on the superior aspect of the calcaneus.
Usually developmental in origin, but may be related to chronic apophysitis in childhood.
Physical eximination
Prominence and tenderness at superolateral margin of calcaneal tuberosity
Swelling may be present in the retrocalcaneal bursa.
Note tenderness or nodularity along the course of the Achilles tendon.
decreased dorsiflexion with Achilles disorders
Treatment
conservative treatment : The goal is to decrease friction between the heel counter and inflamed bursa; this includes shoe wear modifications (a heel wedge to lift the heel from the shoe and alter the contact pattern), ICE therapy, shock wave
Corticosteroid injections in and around the Achilles tendon are contraindicated due to an increased risk of rupture.
Surgical interventions typically involve removal of the excess bone on the superior margin of the calcaneal tuberosity (open or arthroscopy), along with débridement of bursal tissue and any diseased areas of the Achilles tendon itself.
In insertionnal Achilles tendonitis, the latter could be detached, allowing to remove the bone spur and the inflammated tendon fibers. At the end of the surgery, achilles tendon is re-attached.
Complications
Surgical intervention is at risk of the following complications
Achilles tendon avulsion
Persistent post heel pain
Wound breakdown
Sural nerve injury
Ankle stiffness
Incisional neuroma
This information is a brief, simple medical explanation. For exhaustive details, and before starting any kind of treatment, please refer to Dr.BAYOUD